What are the signs of tumor lysis?

What are the signs of tumor lysis?

Symptoms are generally nonspecific and can include:

• Nausea with or without vomiting.
• Lack of appetite and fatigue.
• Dark urine, reduced urine output, or flank pain.
• Numbness, seizures, or hallucinations.
• Muscle cramps and spasms.
• Heart palpitations.

What labs indicate tumor lysis syndrome?

Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) The metabolic derangement associated with tumor lysis syndrome are hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hyperuricemia. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and lactate dehydrogenase are also elevated in tumor lysis syndrome.

Is tumor lysis an emergency?

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is the most common oncologic emergency. It is caused by rapid tumor cell destruction and the resulting nucleic acid degradation during or days after initiation of cytotoxic therapy.

Is Tumour lysis syndrome painful?

Uric acid can be deposited in the joints, causing a painful gout-like condition. A buildup of uric acid in the kidneys can cause damage and stones to form.

What happens in tumor lysis syndrome?

The tumor lysis syndrome occurs when tumor cells release their contents into the bloodstream, either spontaneously or in response to therapy, leading to the characteristic findings of hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia.

Is tumor lysis syndrome painful?

Presence of abdominal pain and distension. Presence of urinary symptoms – Such as dysuria, oliguria, flank pain, and hematuria. Occurrence of any symptoms of hypocalcemia – Such as anorexia, vomiting, cramps, seizures, spasms, altered mental status, and tetany. Symptoms of hyperkalemia – Such as weakness and paralysis.

How is tumor lysis syndrome treated?

In general, treatment of TLS consists of intensive hydration, stimulation of diuresis, and, more specifically, in the use of allopurinol and rasburicase.

What causes tumor lysis?

When the accumulation of phosphate, potassium, xanthine, or uric acid is more rapid than excretion, the tumor lysis syndrome develops. Cytokines cause hypotension, inflammation, and acute kidney injury, which increase the risk for the tumor lysis syndrome.