What artery supplies the femoral head?

What artery supplies the femoral head?

The majority of the blood supply to the head of the femur comes from the medial and lateral circumflex branches of the profunda femoris, which itself is a branch of the femoral artery (the profunda femoris is the deep penetrating branch of the upper thigh).

Which artery supplies blood to head and neck of femur?

Medial femoral circumflex artery – Wraps round the posterior side of the femur, supplying its neck and head. In a fracture of the femoral neck this artery can easily be damaged, and avascular necrosis of the femur head can occur.

Where do the Retinacular arteries come from?

Small vessels known as retinacular arteries, which are ascending cervical branches of the extracapsular ring, form an intra-articular ring at the level of the cartilage. Epiphyseal arterial branches arise from this ring and penetrate the head and neck of the femur, including the epiphyses.

Why does avascular necrosis occur at the head of the femur?

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head is a type of osteonecrosis due to disruption of blood supply to the proximal femur. There are approximately 10000 to 20000 new cases reported each year in the United States alone. [1] It can occur due to a variety of causes, either traumatic or atraumatic in origin.

What is the function of femoral head?

Structure and Function The femoral head serves as the “ball” in the hip joint allowing for a high degree of motion in the hip. It is covered by articular cartilage and articulates with the lunate surface of the acetabulum.

Which artery is the largest contributor to the blood supply of the femoral head and neck?

The femoral head obtains most of its blood supply from the medial femoral circumflex artery (MFCA) and the lateral femoral circumflex artery (LFCA) [1–4]. A 1953 study reported that the LFCA provides two-thirds to four-fifths of the blood supply to the femoral neck [4].

What is the largest branch of the lateral femoral circumflex artery?

The main function of the lateral circumflex femoral artery is to supply blood to the hip joint, knee joint, parts of the femur, quadriceps femoris, tensor fasciae latae, as well as skin of the anterolateral aspect of the thigh….Lateral circumflex femoral artery.

What is the femoral head made out of?

Femoral heads are usually made with metals or ceramic material, Co-Cr-Mo-cast alloys, stainless steel and alumina (pure or BIOLOX delta), or zirconia are the most commonly employed materials for this application.