What reaction does PK catalyze?

What reaction does PK catalyze?

Pyruvate kinase (PK) catalyzes the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) into pyruvate and is the final step of glycolysis. It has been shown that cancer cells express the M2 variant of PK, also known as PKM2 (reviewed in Chaneton & Gottlieb, 2012b).

What are the allosteric inhibitors of pyruvate kinase?

ATP allosterically inhibits both the L and the M forms of pyruvate kinase to slow glycolysis when the energy charge is high. Finally, alanine (synthesized in one step from pyruvate, Section 24.2. 2) also allosterically inhibits the pyruvate kinases—in this case, to signal that building blocks are abundant.

What is pyruvate kinase activated by?

Pyruvate kinase has been found to be allosterically activated by FBP and allosterically inactivated by ATP and alanine.

What is the purpose of pyruvate kinase?

Pyruvate kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate and ADP to pyruvate and ATP in glycolysis and plays a role in regulating cell metabolism. There are four mammalian pyruvate kinase isoforms with unique tissue expression patterns and regulatory properties.

Why is pyruvate kinase needed?

Pyruvate kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate and ADP to pyruvate and ATP in glycolysis and plays a role in regulating cell metabolism. The M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) supports anabolic metabolism and is expressed both in cancer and normal tissue.

What causes pyruvate kinase deficiency?

PKD is caused by alterations (mutations) in the PKLR gene, which lead to a deficiency of the enzyme pyruvate kinase. These genetic alterations are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.

Is there a cure for pyruvate kinase deficiency?

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can cure PK deficiency. This has been pursued in a limited number of individuals, particularly individuals who require chronic blood transfusions.

Is pyruvate kinase deficiency fatal?

In people with pyruvate kinase deficiency, hemolytic anemia and associated complications may range from mild to severe. Some affected individuals have few or no symptoms. Severe cases can be life-threatening in infancy, and such affected individuals may require regular blood transfusions to survive.