How is the hemoglobin gene expressed?

How is the hemoglobin gene expressed?

Hemoglobin gene expression is restricted to erythroid cells. The genes are expressed at extremely high levels late in erythroid differentiation, with balanced production of α-globin and β-globin. Paralogous globin genes are expressed at progressive developmental stages.

What is the DNA sequence for hemoglobin?

The specific base sequence for these amino acids is: GTG/CAC/CTG/ACT/CCT/GAG. Sickle cell hemoglobin (Hemoglobin S) results when, glutamic acid that is normally present in the sixth position on the beta globin chain is substituted with valine.

What gene helps make hemoglobin?

The HBB gene provides instructions for making a protein called beta-globin. Beta-globin is a component (subunit) of a larger protein called hemoglobin, which is located inside red blood cells.

What is the amino acid sequence for hemoglobin?

The hemoglobin consists of 2 x 147 amino acids with a molecular weight of 32411. The sequence of CTT VI is compared with a monomeric (CTT III) and a dimeric hemoglobin (CTT II beta) and the human alpha-chains.

What happens if the instructions to make hemoglobin are mutated?

A “mutation” changes the instructions of a gene, which can also change the protein. Sometimes this change makes it so the protein can’t do its job as well. And this is what happens with sickle cell anemia. A mutation in the hemoglobin gene changes the hemoglobin protein in a way that causes sickle cell anemia.

How many copies of hemoglobin genes does each person get?

People have two copies of the HBA1 gene and two copies of the HBA2 gene in each cell. Each copy is called an allele. For each gene, one allele is inherited from a person’s father, and the other is inherited from a person’s mother. As a result, there are four alleles that produce alpha-globin.

What happens if hemoglobin is mutated?

A mutation in the hemoglobin gene changes the hemoglobin protein in a way that causes sickle cell anemia. As I said, a mutation in the hemoglobin gene causes sickle cell anemia.

What is the difference between sickle cell amino acid sequence and normal amino acid sequence?

The chain of colored boxes represent the first eight amino acids in the beta chain of hemoglobin. The sixth position in the normal beta chain has glutamic acid, while sickle beta chain has valine. This is the sole difference between the two.

What makes up a hemoglobin?

A hemoglobin molecule is made up of four polypeptide chains, two alpha chains of 141 amino acid residues each and two beta chains of 146 amino acid residues each. In the complete molecule, four subunits are closely joined, as in a three-dimensional jigsaw puzzle, to form a tetramer.