What is considered fundamental research?

What is considered fundamental research?

Fundamental research means research in science, engineering, or mathematics, the results of which ordinarily are published and shared broadly within the research community, and for which the researchers have not accepted restrictions for proprietary or national security reasons.

What is fundamental research exception?

The Fundamental Research Exclusion provides that the information and software (except certain encryption source code) that result from fundamental research are outside the scope of EAR- or ITAR-controlled technical data, and may be disclosed to non-US persons without specific US Government authorization.

When can the fundamental research exclusion be applied?

The Fundamental Research Exclusion applies only to the dissemination of research data and information, not to the transmissions of material goods.

What are the types of fundamental research?

Basic and applied research, further divided into three types of research bearing some characteristics feature as follows:

• Quantitative research.
• Qualitative research.
• Mixed research.
• Other types of research.
• Descriptive research.
• Longitudinal Research.
• Cross-sectional Research.
• Action research.

What is the meaning of applied research?

Applied research is designed to answer specific questions aimed at solving practical problems. New knowledge acquired from applied research has specific commercial objectives in the form of products, procedures or services. Fundamental research answers the initial question of how things work.

What are the possible consequences of violating export control and embargo regulations?

Civil: loss of export privileges, fines $10,000 to $120,000 per violation. Department of Treasury (OFAC) • Criminal: up to $1,000,000/violation; up to 10 years in prison. Civil: fines $12,000 to $55,000 (depending on applicable law) per violation.

What is an example of fundamental research?

Examples of Fundamental Research A critical analysis of product placement as an effective marketing strategy. An investigation into the main elements of brands and branding. A study of factors impacting each stage of product life cycle.

What is the difference between fundamental and applied research?

Fundamental research is concerned with the development, examination, verification and refinement of research methods, procedures ,techniques and tools that form the body of research methodology.

Why is fundamental research not subject to export controls?

Conducting fundamental research is key to maintaining an environment of openness in an academic setting. The results of research performed as fundamental research as defined above are not subject to export control laws and regulations.

Which is an example of an applied research?

Applied research are those research that are meant to directly solve problems to improve human conditions. An example is the research conducted to produce vaccine for the deadly coronavirus. Why? Because scientist want to eradicate the virus from the earth’s surface, hence saving lives.

Are there any exceptions to the fundamental research exclusion?

However it does not permit the transfer of export controlled information, materials, or items abroad, even to research collaborators, except under very limited circumstances The Fundamental Research Exclusion applies only to the dissemination of research data and information, not to the transmissions of material goods.

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