What is the relationship between boiling point and intermolecular forces?

What is the relationship between boiling point and intermolecular forces?

Intermolecular forces (IMFs) can be used to predict relative boiling points. The stronger the IMFs, the lower the vapor pressure of the substance and the higher the boiling point.

How are temperature and intermolecular forces related?

As the temperature increases even more, the individual particles will have so much energy that the intermolecular forces are overcome, so the particles separate from each other, and the substance becomes a gas (assuming that their chemical bonds are not so weak that the compound decomposes from the high temperature).

How does the strength of the intermolecular forces relate to the boiling and melting points of the substances?

Answer: The heat of fusion (heat required to melt a solid) and heat of vaporization (heat required to vaporize a liquid) are determined by the strength of the Intermolecular Forces. Substances with high IMF will have higher melting and boiling points. It will require more energy to break the IMF.

What is the relationship between intermolecular forces in a liquid and the liquid’s boiling point and critical temperature Why is the critical temperature of water greater than that of most other substances?

This is boiling point when liquid molecules move to gas phase. So, greater the intermolecular force of attraction between liquid molecules, greater the boiling point of the liquid. This is because, more energy (temperature) is required to break the attractive forces between molecules in condensed phase.

Why do intermolecular forces affect boiling point?

Higher the intermolecular forces between the liquid particles, harder it is for it to escape into the vapor phase, ie., you need more energy to convert it from liquid to the vapor phase, in other words, higher its boiling point.

How does branching affect boiling point?

Boiling points increase as the number of carbons is increased. Branching decreases boiling point.

What is the effect of branching on melting and boiling point?

As the branching is done in an alkane its surface area decreases, this results in decrease of boiling point and increase in melting point, so we can say that surface area ∝ melting point.