What happens when the afferent arteriole constricts?

What happens when the afferent arteriole constricts?

Constriction of the afferent arterioles has two effects: it increases the vascular resistance which reduces renal blood flow (RBF), and it decreases the pressure downstream from the constriction, which reduces the GFR. The net result of efferent arteriolar constriction is an increased filtration fraction.

What would happen to the glomerular filtration rate if the efferent arteriole constriction?

During efferent arteriole constriction, GFR is increased, but RPF is decreased, resulting in increased filtration fraction. During a state of increased plasma protein concentration such as during multiple myeloma, GFR is decreased with no change in RPF, resulting in decreased FF.

What is the role of afferent and efferent arterioles in glomerular filtration?

The afferent arteriole brings blood to the glomerulus and the efferent arteriole carries blood away from the glomerulus.

What causes glomerular capillary pressure to decrease?

Glomerular filtration can be decreased by reducing capillary hydrostatic pressure with one of the following: (1) a decrease in glomerular blood flow as a result of low blood pressure or low cardiac output; (2) the constriction of the afferent arteriole as a result of increased sympathetic activity or drugs (e.g..

What is the function of afferent arteriole?

The afferent arteriole is an arteriole that feeds blood into the glomerulus. The renal arterioles play a central role in determining glomerular hydraulic pressure, which facilitates glomerular filtration.

What happens when you decrease afferent arteriole diameter?

A decrease in afferent arteriole diameter will cause a decrease in GFR and urine production.

Which drugs Cannot be filtered through glomerulus?

Large drugs like heparin or those bound to plasma-protein cannot be filtered and are poorly excreted by glomerular filtration.

Which combination of changes would increase the glomerular filtration rate the most?

Which combination of changes would increase the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) the most? Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole ( resistance increases, blood dams up in front of the constriction, and hydrostatic pressure int he glomerular capillaries increases.

What is the function of Bowman’s capsule?

Bowman’s capsule surrounds the glomerular capillary loops and participates in the filtration of blood from the glomerular capillaries. Bowman’s capsule also has a structural function and creates a urinary space through which filtrate can enter the nephron and pass to the proximal convoluted tubule.

Can drinking more water increase GFR?

found increased water intake actually decreases GFR. It might therefore seem that any “toxin” removed purely by glomerular filtration is cleared less efficiently in the setting of increased water intake; however, it is not certain such changes in GFR persist over time.

What affects glomerular capillary pressure?

The glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure is affected by the afferent and efferent arteriolar resistance and the renal artery pressure (3). An increase in the afferent arteriolar diameter (decrease in resistance) causes an increase in the glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure and an increase in GFR.

What is difference between afferent and efferent Arteriole?

Afferent arteriole is a branch of the renal artery that brings in blood to the glomerulus. Efferent arteriole is a branch of the renal artery that drains blood away from the glomerulus. Afferent arteriole carries blood to the glomerulus. Efferent arterioles maintain the glomerular filtration rate.

What are the effects of constriction of the afferent arterioles?

Constriction of the afferent arterioles has two effects: it increases the vascular resistance which reduces renal blood flow (RBF), and it decreases the pressure downstream from the constriction, which reduces the GFR.

How are afferent arterioles related to glomerular filtration equilibrium?

However, the slower blood flow means that glomerular filtration has more time to approach filtration equilibrium, so constriction of the afferent arterioles ought to raise slightly the filtration fraction (=GFR/RBF). Dilation of the afferent arterioles has the opposite effects.

What happens to glomerular filtration when blood pressure drops?

Reducing the glomerular pressure also functions to protect the fragile capillaries of the glomerulus. When blood pressure drops, the same smooth muscle cells relax to lower resistance, increasing blood flow. The vasodilation of the afferent arteriole acts to increase the declining filtrate formation, bringing NFP and GFR back up to normal levels.

What is the effect of constriction on glomerular hydrostatic pressure?

Constriction of either the afferent or efferent arterioles can alter the glomerular hydrostatic pressure, PGC, that drives ultrafiltration.