What causes hypoplastic kidneys?

What causes hypoplastic kidneys?

Most cases of renal hypoplasia are not inherited from the baby’s mother or father. However, some cases are caused by genetic mutations. These are problems in the genes (which are in each of our body’s living cells), which are passed on by the parents.

What is hypoplastic kidney?

Renal hypoplasia, defined as abnormally small kidneys with normal morphology and reduced nephron number, is a common cause of pediatric renal failure and adult-onset disease.

Can a kidney infection cause scarring?

Scarring usually does not cause pain. It can on rare occasions lead to impaired function of an organ if the scarring is extensive. When this occurs in the kidney, it is usually the result of an infection within the kidney tissue. Very often, this occurs from a urinary tract infection.

What is the difference between renal agenesis and hypoplasia?

Renal hypoplasia is a congenitally small kidney without dysplasia and can be bilateral or unilateral (see Fig. 33 ). Fig. 33. Renal agenesis/hypoplasia Location: Unilateral or bilateral; if bilateral, findings can be asymmetric (e.g. agenesis on one side, hypoplasia on the other side).

Is there a family history of renal agenesis?

Usually there is no family history of renal agenesis, but in 20-36% of cases, there is a genetic cause. Our program has been tracking renal agenesis/hypoplasia among live births in select counties since 2005 and are gradually expanding statewide.

How often does unilateral renal agenesis occur in boys?

Bilateral renal agenesis occurs in 1 of 4500 live births and is usually found in boys. Unilateral renal agenesis occurs in 1 of 1000-2000 live births. Usually there is no family history of renal agenesis, but in 20-36% of cases, there is a genetic cause.

Are there other structural anomalies in renal agenesis?

In about half of all cases of bilateral renal agenesis there are other structural anomalies (e.g. urogenital, cardiac, skeletal, central nervous system) or syndromes (chromosomal or genetic). The non-syndromic multiple anomaly patterns include: VATER/VACTERL (v ertebral, a nus, c ardiac, t rachea, o esophagus, r enal, l imb) association;