Which cranial nerves are affected in meningitis?

Which cranial nerves are affected in meningitis?

Focal neurologic signs most frequently consist of unilateral or, less commonly, bilateral cranial nerve palsies, which are seen in up to 30% of patients at presentation; the most frequently affected is cranial nerve VI, followed by cranial nerves III, IV, and VIII.

Which conditions can cause cranial nerve palsies?

What causes cranial nerve palsies in children?

• Congenital (present at birth) development problems.
• Diseases including diabetes, stroke, and high blood pressure.
• Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
• Infections.
• Pressure inside the brain from tumors or aneurysms.

What causes cranial nerve paralysis?

A cranial nerve palsy can occur due to a variety of causes. It can be congenital (present at birth), traumatic, or due to blood vessel disease (hypertension, diabetes, strokes, aneurysms, etc). It can also be due to infections, migraines, tumors, or elevated intracranial pressure.

How common are cranial nerve palsies?

From these studies, the common causes of ocular cranial nerve palsies include head trauma, space-occupying lesions, and vascular lesions (DM, hypertension and atherosclerosis). In a cohort of 915 stroke patients, Rowe et al., reported ocular motor cranial nerve palsies in 10% of the patients.

What causes cranial nerve palsy in meningitis?

The incidence of cranial nerve palsy in TBM patients is 14.8%. Optic, oculomotor, abducens and auditory nerve palsy are most common in TBM. Meningeral enhancement, tuberculoma, hydrocephalus and infarct are most common in MRI scan. Most cranial nerve palsy can recover after effective anti-tuberculous treatment.

What is the mode of transmission of meningitis?

People spread meningococcal bacteria to other people by sharing respiratory and throat secretions (saliva or spit). Generally, it takes close (for example, coughing or kissing) or lengthy contact to spread these bacteria. Fortunately, they are not as contagious as germs that cause the common cold or the flu.

What are complications of meningitis?

Main complications hearing loss, which may be partial or total – people who have had meningitis will usually have a hearing test after a few weeks to check for any problems. recurrent seizures (epilepsy) problems with memory and concentration. co-ordination, movement and balance problems.

Does meningitis cause altered mental status?

The classic triad of meningitis consists of fever, nuchal rigidity, and altered mental status, but not all patients have all 3, and almost all patients have headache. Altered mental status can range from irritability to somnolence, delirium, and coma.